00:00Thank you for joining us today for SpaceX's second quarter 2026 earnings conference call
00:04I'm Andrea Williams, Head of Investor Relations
00:06Joining me today are Elon Musk, Gwen, and Brett, and we are speaking to you from our facility in Boca Chica, Texas
00:12Our second quarter financial results were announced just after 3 p.m
00:16Central Time, and all relevant materials have been published on our Investor Relations website at ir.spacex.com
00:24For this webcast, our prepared remarks will be followed by a question-and-answer session
00:28We will take live Q&A from equity analysts and then move to questions directly from our investors that were submitted on our dedicated earnings Q&A platform
00:35Thank you to everyone who submitted
00:38Please provide the complete source text for me to refine
01:18Financial results compared to the prior year's quarter include revenues of $7.8 billion, up 92% from $4.1 billion
01:23The quarterly net loss was $541 million, an improvement of $467 million
01:33An adjusted EBITDA of $3.5 billion, up 191% from $1.2 billion
01:42Now, I will hand the call over to Elon for his opening remarks
01:46>> Thank you
01:51So, it's been another milestone year
01:54>> Uh, thank you
01:58Uh, so, it's been another milestone year for SpaceX so far
02:01Uh, we're making great progress developing a fully and rapidly reusable, reliable rocket with Starship
02:06We're connecting millions more people globally across 170 markets with fast, reliable Starlink internet
02:14We're building AI compute capacity at scale faster than anyone else, we believe
02:19And we're significantly improving our AI models
02:24Um, most notably with the release of GPT-4.5 last month
02:26Uh, and now I'll dive into each of those topics separately
02:32So, with Starship, we completed two successful flights of Starship B3 in the past 90 days
02:38Uh, Flight 13 demonstrated core capabilities necessary to achieve an orbital mission and return to Starbase for catch, and on Flight 14, we will be our first flight to deploy our version 3 Starlink satellites, our communication satellites, to operational orbit
02:56Um, we, uh, will try to actually catch the first and the second stage of Starlink V3 this year, and we could possibly catch the ship as soon as the next flight
03:10Um, [clears throat] and it's, it's difficult
03:13To actually, um, explain to most people just the incredible significance of Starship
03:19Um, and I think perhaps describing it in terms of challenge to orbit is a good way to appreciate the magnitude, um, of the impact Starship will have on the future of civilization
03:37So right now, we deliver, call it roughly 2,500 tons a year to orbit via Falcon
03:47And, uh, this is a, this is a big number by normal standards
03:50The rest of the world, I think, delivers around 300 tons
03:51Uh, so we deliver, you know, 80 to 90% of the total Earth's mass to orbit per year with Falcon
04:03Now, with Starship, um, our aspirations, and I think we will achieve these aspirations, are to deliver, uh, well over a million tons to orbit per year and probably ultimately, uh, 10 million tons
04:20million tons per year
04:23So this is not like if you had a chart where you plotted things
04:25You would need a very, very big table to put the chart on to see, or even see any of our competitors on that chart
04:36And to make that our next biggest competitor was one pixel high on the bar chart, you would still need a very big bar chart to represent the SpaceX Starship vehicle
04:49And it's worth noting that we actually encourage our competitors to copy us
04:56We do nothing to slow them down
04:58We actually launch competing satellite constellations at this fair price—the same price we charge everyone
05:06So we do encourage our competitors to copy us, but it's quite difficult to copy something like that
05:13Starship
05:15But we, we don't, we, you know, use patents as, uh, you know, a sort of landmine exercise to stop people from copying us
05:22We actively encourage it
05:29So, uh, anyway, but when you think about it, on that, you go from 2,500 tons a year to, you know, a million, potentially 10 million tons per year
05:36It's really a profoundly significant difference
05:41Um, but that is our plan, and I think we will achieve that plan
05:47Uh, regarding Starlink, um, it's also worth just noting that the Starlink V3 satellite, uh, is about an order of magnitude more capable than the Starlink V2 satellite, which was already a very capable satellite, and we expect to launch about an order of magnitude more Starlink V3 satellites
06:07Uh, so that, that would
06:11It means a roughly two orders of magnitude increase in the delivered bandwidth
06:18Even if our monetization per bit dropped by a factor of 10, that would still mean a tenfold increase in the revenue of Starlink
06:27So I think people are really underestimating Starlink here
06:34This is a big deal
06:35It's kind of hard for people to wrap their minds around this, but it's not out of the question that at some point Starlink will deliver a majority of the world's internet, at least in countries where we're allowed to operate, which is the vast majority of countries
06:57So this is important to bear in mind, and it's not in the distant future
07:01It's less than ten years
07:11The advent of AI, um, and humanoid robotics, and, you know, vehicle robotics, and just a massive number of robots, the appetite for bandwidth will be much greater than it has been in the past
07:23If you think of a human consuming, perhaps, or producing, perhaps, about a few hundred bits per second of output, and actually, the average human is outputting less than one bit per second over the course of, um, a day, which is 86,400 seconds
07:38Now, computers, you know, could easily do billions of bits per second continuously over a 24-hour period
07:50So this is, uh, why I would expect the appetite for bandwidth to grow dramatically with the growth of AI and robotics
08:00Um, and really, I think Starlink is the only thing that can actually provide the necessary bandwidth
08:02The service that handles bandwidth
08:07Uh, regarding AI, uh, we're making rapid progress on Grok because Grok 4.5 was a huge improvement
08:17Um, and we have Grok 4.6 coming out probably next week
08:24Um, and then Grok 4.7 is about three or four weeks from today
08:28Um, and we expect the cadence of AI development to improve dramatically
08:34Um, and then with Grok 5, which should be out before the end of this year, we will be incorporating the entire corpus of SpaceX data
08:45Basically, all the data that SpaceX has ever produced, which is a tremendous amount over the course of a quarter century, will be incorporated into Grok training, and we think this will make Grok by far the best engineer
08:58Um, so these are all very, very big things
09:03Uh
09:08In addition, of course, we are providing compute to others, and we are building and deploying compute, I think, faster
09:12Our rate of growth is certainly faster than anyone else's, and our efficiency of compute deployment, I think, is also the highest
09:22So, we expect to end this year with over two gigawatts of compute, and probably our cumulative compute online by the end of next year will be several times higher
09:40So, it may, let's say, be closer to 10 gigawatts of compute than 5 gigawatts of compute, as a way to think about it
09:52Going forward, we've decided to build exclusively on Nvidia because we think the Nvidia architecture is the best architecture
10:05We think it's the best AI computer
10:08We greatly value our close cooperation and partnership on many levels with Nvidia
10:19So, we're exclusive to Nvidia
10:26This new capacity coming online will obviously further benefit the development of Grock, as will our Cursor acquisition, which should close quite soon
10:35I think we've gone through almost all of the regulatory hurdles
10:37With respect to the Starlink AI satellite, which will be essentially an optimized Bar Rubin NVL72 computer, this is not some sort of far-future, distant thing
11:02We expect to start launching these next year
11:04We believe the design of the NVL72 VR computer is a much better design than is typical
11:23Than say, having a standard rack-style design
11:27And so, we expect to actually deploy this on the ground as well as in orbit, because we think it's going to be a radical simplification of the normal NVL72 rack
11:39It will cost less, it will be more effective
11:44And so, if we're going to put it in space, why not put it on the ground? I think that's going to be pretty cool
11:58In conclusion, the SpaceX team is solving some of the hardest engineering problems in the history of humanity
12:01I think the team is succeeding because I believe we've got, in many ways, the smartest, most dedicated team of humans that has ever existed
12:16I'm incredibly proud to work with such a team
12:22Team, and uh, I'd like to thank the team for their incredible hard work, and also thank you to the investors who have supported us along the way
12:31>> Thanks, Elon
12:40We had an exceptional second quarter, and today I'll focus on the operational and commercial highlights as well as the initiatives we are prioritizing going forward
12:49Starting with our space business, we remain the leading launch provider globally, with 78 total launches and 1,041 tons of mass to orbit delivered in the first half of this year, primarily allocated to our own internal Starlink missions, but with great customer missions as well
13:06While our launch capabilities are key to supporting our connectivity business, we continue to have a very robust..
13:13The commercial manifest and a very robust and growing U.S
13:18government mission demand, which drives revenue for the segment
13:20We're currently launching at our highest Falcon cadence and are on the precipice of operationalizing Starship
13:26As Elon Musk mentioned, the first two flights of our V3 Starship vehicles put us in an excellent position to achieve our near-term goals of reaching orbit, catching and reusing the ships and boosters, and deploying our V3 Starlink broadband satellites
13:44Speaking of which, Starlink had a standout quarter driven by continued growth across our consumer, enterprise, and government businesses
13:51During the second quarter, we added more than 1.7 million Starlink subscribers globally
13:59This reflects our best quarter of new customers to date, an increase from the 1.4 million we added during the first quarter
14:06We achieved this by holding ARPU, which is the average revenue per user, stable at $66 per month compared to the first quarter
14:17We ended the second quarter with service availability in 167 markets and have continued to activate new markets since then, with some very exciting announcements coming soon, maybe even as early as today
14:32As of June 30th, our constellation of operational Starlink broadband and mobile satellites in orbit grew to roughly 10,200, with our 9,600 broadband satellites delivering roughly 800 terabits per second of total downlink capacity
14:48Successful speed run test of the V3 Starlink satellites during the most recent Starship launch, during which we connected every satellite through every laser link
14:59We intend to deploy V3 satellites into the constellation for operational use on the upcoming Starship missions
15:07The significant amount of capacity we're able to add to the Starlink constellation from the V3 satellites will enable us to continue providing even better service
15:16I think it's pretty great already, but to do so while serving more and more customers around the world
15:22In fact, in the years ahead, we expect Starlink will represent a significant portion of global internet traffic, which Elon Musk also discussed
15:28We also see significant growth
15:32Opportunities for Starlink in enterprise and government on the enterprise and government side of the business
15:35We believe revenue from these markets has the potential to reach a scale at least comparable, but likely exceed, our consumer business as we continue to gain share
15:46In the second quarter, we signed a major agreement with American Airlines, as well as activated our service with new partners including Southwest, Virgin Atlantic, Iberia, and Heulingus
15:55We have become the provider of choice among major airlines, with outstanding customer feedback, but still have significant room for growth
16:04In fact, we heard from one of our airline customers — shockingly — customers are flying shorter hop flights
16:14Instead of, uh, instead of direct, so that they could ensure that they're on a Starlink-activated flight
16:19They've never seen this in the business before
16:25On the government side, we won more than $6 billion in US contracts in Q2, supporting major Space Force programs that offer our nation mission-critical communications and sensing capabilities
16:37And we see even more room for growth in this sector in the coming year
16:39In Q2, we also launched the new Starlink Mobile partnerships with international carriers including SoftBank, NTT, DOCOMO, and Spark New Zealand
16:51Our near-term priority is launching Mobile V2 satellites on Starship ahead of integrating the 65 megahertz of EchoAR spectrum later next year
16:56This spectrum
17:01Transfer was recently approved by the FCC and represents a foundational competitive advantage for Starling Mobile
17:07In AI, the industry is hurdling towards ever-increasing compute demands
17:13We're rapidly expanding our compute capacity to meet our own needs as Grock expands, as well as those for other leading companies such as Google and Anthropic
17:23In terms of our own Grock models, the enterprise feedback on the rollout of Grock 4.5 has been very positive so far
17:27Token consumption tripled out of the gate after the July release, and we continue to see strong signals on usage and monetization for the model
17:37We're looking forward to welcoming the Cursor team to SpaceX to integrate our engineering and begin to benefit from a..
17:45Combined sales capability
17:47In review, our momentum as a business is extraordinary
17:50Our engineering teams are scaling Starship and our NextGen satellites while our sales teams expand Starlink aviation, mobility, and global markets
17:58At the same time, we're bringing on additional compute capacity and expanding and deepening our AI partnerships across a broader set of customers
18:06And though I’ve been in this business for 24 years, I could not be more excited about the months ahead
18:14With all the exciting and amazing things going on, it really feels like we're just getting started all over again
18:23>> Now, I’ll turn the call over to Brett
18:25>> Thank you, Gwen
18:27We demonstrated strong results in Q2
18:28Revenue growth
18:33Accelerated across every segment
18:38We narrowed our net losses by nearly half, and on a year-over-year basis, we grew adjusted EBITDA meaningfully faster than revenue
18:43Importantly, we significantly strengthened the balance sheet through our IPO and inaugural investment-grade bond offering
18:50The combination of our global launch leadership, recurring Starlink revenue, and rapid growth in AI infrastructure continues to drive improved operating leverage
19:01Now, I'll walk through the financials for each segment
19:05For the space segment, revenue grew 55% sequentially and 29% year-over-year to $962 million, driven by a higher number of larger customer launches and a favorable..
19:17Customer mix
19:21Segment costs and expenses rose $389 million year-over-year, and we continued to accelerate R&D investments in our Starship program
19:30Starship aims to quadruple payload capacity and reduce launch costs by 10 times compared to our Falcon 9 rocket, unlocking significant capabilities across all of our business segments
19:41We continue to make progress building the infrastructure required to support thousands of Starship launches per year, including accelerating Raptor and launch vehicle production, the buildout of our gigafactories, and making significant progress towards activating multiple launch pads at Starbase and in Cape Canaveral at pad 39A and pad 37
19:52SpaceX's adjusted EBITDA was a loss of..
20:04205 million dollars for the quarter, primarily reflecting these higher R&D expenses
20:16Moving to the connectivity segment, revenue was up in the connectivity segment to 4.3 billion dollars, an increase of 32% sequentially and 66% year-over-year
20:28Growth was driven by record net additions of Starlink subscribers and a sharp increase in enterprise and government revenue
20:38Starlink subscriber ARPU was 66 dollars, unchanged compared to Q1
20:41As we continue our global expansion, we're taking a localized go-to-market approach that ensures our product and service offerings fit local needs
20:50While our geographic expansion may drive down blended ARPU over time, we anticipate continued subscriber momentum to deliver strong revenue
21:01Growth
21:03Enterprise and government revenue grew 108% year over year and represents a durable source of revenue contributing to strong segment margins overall
21:11As Gwyn mentioned, we see enormous opportunity for growth in this segment as we remain, for example, less than 10% penetrated in one of the largest segments, being aviation
21:26Total costs and expenses for the connectivity segment increased by 970 million, or approximately 58% year over year
21:33The increase was driven by higher spending to support our revenue growth, including growth in our satellite constellation, increased R&D investment for our Starlink Version 3 satellites, and incremental marketing expenses
21:45As Elon mentioned, our Version 3 satellites are..
21:56Expected to deliver 10 times the amount of broadband capacity and data density compared to our current generations, which we believe are already pretty amazing and are essential to supporting continued subscriber growth and higher-value service tiers
22:08Income from operations in the connectivity segment increased 79% year-over-year to $1.7 billion, outpacing revenue growth and driving nearly three points of operating margin expansion
22:22Connectivity segment adjusted EBITDA rose 64% year-over-year to $2.6 billion
22:30AI segment revenue was $2.6 billion, up 213% sequentially and 247% year-over-year
22:37The increase was driven primarily by new cloud services agreements as well as growth in Grok and..
22:45Subscription revenue
22:53Advertising revenue grew 7% sequentially as we overhauled our advertising platform technology to enable AI functionality and enhance self-service for all customer types
23:01In Q2, we entered into cloud services agreements providing access to compute capacity at our Colossus and Colossus 2 sites
23:09The initial ramp from these agreements contributed $1.6 billion of incremental AI infrastructure revenue in the quarter
23:17Total costs and expenses for the AI segment rose $1.6 billion year-over-year, reflecting increased R&D primarily due to higher infrastructure spend as we accelerated compute deployment
23:32We meaningfully narrowed our AI segment net operating loss to $1.3 billion
23:37Turned, uh, adjusted EBITDA positive for the segment in the second quarter at $1.1 billion
23:45The incremental revenue from new hosting deals generated high incremental EBITDA margins as we monetized available compute capacity
23:52We ended the second quarter with 1.4 gigawatts of nameplate compute, up from 1 gigawatt in Q1 and 400 megawatts a year earlier
24:01We expect to end this year with over 2 gigawatts of compute capacity
24:10Total company capital expenditures in the second quarter were approximately $18.4 billion, of which roughly $15.8 billion supported AI compute infrastructure
24:20The remainder funded ongoing Starship and launch infrastructure, satellite production, and global ground station expansion
24:30Additionally, we paid out 856 million dollars during the quarter under our Spectrum Credit Agreement related to our pending Echoar transaction
24:39Our capital allocation priorities remain clear and disciplined
24:41We plan to continue to invest aggressively in the three areas we believe generate the highest long-term returns: Starship development and production scale, next-generation Starlink broadband and mobile constellations, and AI compute infrastructure
25:00Across all three of these investments, we remain focused on capital efficiency, return on investment, and the preservation of a strong investment-grade balance sheet
25:10The second quarter was transformative from a capital markets perspective
25:12We We completed our initial public offering, raising approximately $85.7 billion in net proceeds, and followed that with a $25 billion inaugural investment-grade senior notes offering that was partially used to repay our $20 billion bridge loan
25:30The senior notes were issued across five tranches with a weighted average interest rate of 5.855% and an average maturity of 11.7 years
25:38We ended the quarter with $100 billion of cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities, and $47.5 billion in backlog
25:50Looking ahead, we continue to see robust demand in all three of our business segments, but in particular in our cloud services arrangements
25:58We see increasingly favorable economics with each agreement we sign
26:02And as Elon mentioned, we expect the supply-demand imbalance in the compute market to continue
26:09The current economics have translated into a payback period of less than one year on our new capital deployments for compute
26:15For example, in the first few weeks of the third quarter, we've already contracted an additional $6.7 billion of cloud services revenue over a six-month period that begins ramping starting in October of this year
26:27We believe this puts us on a trajectory, including contribution from CSS (Cloud Supply Services), to reach a $100 billion of ARR, or annualized revenue run rate, by the end of this year, based on our expected revenue in December
26:46With that, I'll turn the call back to Andrea
26:49>> Thank you, Elon
26:53Gwen and Brett, this concludes our prepared remarks for today's Q&A session
26:57We will take our first questions from the equity analysts
27:00Please press star one to join the question queue and also limit yourself to one question
27:05Operator, please proceed with the queue
27:11We will now begin the question and answer session
27:12If you would like to ask a question, please press star one to raise your hand
27:17To withdraw your question, press star one again
27:19We ask that you pick up your handset when asking a question to ensure the best sound quality
27:26If you are muted locally, please remember to unmute your device
27:31Please stand by while we compile the Q&A roster
27:39Your first question comes from the line of Eric Sheridan with..
27:41Goldman Sachs
27:43Your line is open
27:44Please go ahead
27:46 >> Thanks so much for taking the question and thanks for all the details in the prepared remarks
27:50Maybe just one on the connectivity segment
27:52Can you discuss the backlog of enterprise and government contracts in that segment of the business and how we should think about that backlog converting into revenue and what that might mean for the pace and cadence of growth in the next couple of years? Thanks so much
28:05 >> Um yeah, we are quite bullish on our enterprise activities
28:10Um, I mentioned earlier that we received from the government over $6 billion in contracts
28:19Those are kind of, those are, you can look at those as stanches and beginnings of additional capability that we..
28:28We will bring these online
28:31Um, some of which we will have to compete for
28:33Um, but fundamentally, we have the contracts in place to fulfill many opportunities, both the ones we've recently announced, as well as additional ones that we'll be working on going forward
28:46Uh, enterprise revenue is quite sticky
28:48We have never lost an enterprise customer
28:50They're quite happy with the Starlink capability that we have right now
28:55Brett mentioned we are only 10% penetrated in the aviation industry, which definitely represents a lot of headroom for revenue growth going forward
29:05Maritime, I think, is an area where Starlink opens up the total addressable market dramatically
29:12Um, Starlink offers the capability that other ships, which don't really have much internet connectivity, can benefit from
29:18Connectivity right now because they can't afford VSATs
29:20Um, we can basically outfit those ships with Starlink Maritime
29:24So, I'm quite bullish on enterprise, very bullish on government, and quite happy with the stickiness that we've seen in those markets
29:34>> Yeah, I'll just elaborate a little bit on that, which is that, obviously, in order to secure a large amount of enterprise revenue, you have to demonstrate very high reliability, very high uptime
29:50Um, and in the early days, Starlink did not have high uptime
29:53Um, and there are a lot of enterprise customers—most enterprise customers, I’d say—that still have that early experience, where the service was a little patchy
30:02So, we, we actually, we're building up a large enterprise sales team just to go out there, meet with enterprise, you know, basically corporate and government customers
30:13Uh, show them the incredible uptime and low latency of the Starlink system today
30:20Um, so they realize that they, they can actually treat Starlink as a primary provider, not just a backup provider
30:29Um, but this requires going out there, talking to people, educating them about the current state of the Starlink system and where it's going
30:38Um, and I would expect enterprise revenue to substantially exceed consumer revenue
30:43 >> Next question
30:48Operator, >> Your next question comes from the line of Adam Jonas
30:52with Morgan Stanley
30:54Your line is open
30:55Please go ahead
30:56>> Uh, thanks, Elon
30:58First one for you
30:59Just confirming [clears throat], you said you expect to be closer to 10 gigawatts of nameplate compute capacity by the end of the year, closer to 10 than five
31:06Um, do you have a line of sight, and how confident are you in your line of sight on permitting chips and turbines for that? And then I have a follow-up for Gwen
31:14Thanks
31:22Uh, so we're actually aiming to far exceed that gigawatt number in terms of online power, cooling, and electrical equipment
31:30So our tentative target is to actually have 20 gigawatts at the power and cooling level online by the end of next year
31:40Now, I don't think we're going to achieve 20 gigawatts, but we want to have a series of..
31:47Projects that cumulatively come to 20 gigawatts by the end of next year
31:52Some of them won't pan out exactly on time, but I would expect that we still probably have at the power plant level something close to 15 gigawatts
32:00So, assuming that maybe a quarter of the projects take longer than expected, our goal is to have far more power cooling and electrical equipment than we have GPUs
32:15That is a logical thing to do, given the relative expense of GPUs versus the balance of system
32:22SpaceX as a company is incredibly good at hardware
32:24In fact, I'd say probably outside of China, SpaceX and Tesla are the two best companies on Earth at hardware
32:33Yeah, and I think perhaps even..
32:34Even including China
32:38So, we're taking a small amount of the expertise that we use for rockets and satellites and applying that to scaling terrestrial data centers
32:49And, uh, we're finding that even a small amount of what we've learned building rockets, which are incredibly difficult, when applied to data centers yields tremendous benefits
32:58So, yeah, we expect half far in excess of what you might think, especially in terms of power and cooling that are needed
33:09And then, our understanding with Nvidia is that we will receive a very significant percentage of their GPUs next year
33:14>> Okay
33:18Thanks, Alan
33:22Just a follow-up, Gwen
33:26You were recently asked what is one of the more underappreciated parts of the SpaceX investment
33:31Story, and uh, you said robotics
33:34Can you elaborate on why you believe that? How do robots fit into the SpaceX camera? Thanks, Gwen
33:42>> Um, let me try to put something together for you
33:47Um, I think what I might have said is underestimating the amount of connectivity that we will need going forward
33:55Um, and I think robotics, especially robotics tied to AI, like for autos and humanoid robots, will dramatically increase the demand for connectivity, dramatically
34:09Elon talked about that in his early remarks
34:13>> I mean, you can think of our satellites as being robots
34:16I mean, they're autonomous and they do not need servicing, so uh, and then, you know, in the sort of what may seem like the far future but will come
34:28Faster than you think, uh, you know, using robots on the Moon to scale up manufacturing on the Moon, which I know sounds like super sci-fi right now, but it's going to happen
34:39It will enable us to build the mass accelerator on the Moon, and if you have a mass accelerator on the Moon and you have solar and radiator production on the Moon, uh, then I know this sounds totally nuts, but you can probably scale to a thousand times the economy of Earth in terms of intelligence launch to space
35:05Uh, but probably even a million times
35:06So, you know, we are going to land a lot of tonnage on the Moon, we're going to build the factories on the Moon, and the robots will be helpful with that
35:19Then it's like, well, how much intelligence would you like, uh, as we, you know, grow towards being a part of a two-scale civilization? >> Did that get that for you, Adam? >> Maybe he's not
35:31>> Your next question comes from the line of John Gorden with CNBC
35:39Your line is open
35:41Please go ahead
35:44Hey, thanks for taking my question
35:47Um, what one of the hallmarks of SpaceX to date is how efficiently the organization has used capital so far in its journey, but it's also no secret that the capital needs are significant, um, to support your vision from here
35:58Obviously, the company's moving fast
36:01So, I was hoping you could talk a bit more about the CapEx outlook across the segments, touching upon any areas where buying versus building
36:08Might accelerate growth
36:15The mobile strategy obviously comes to mind there, and any related thoughts on capital needs for the next steps in extreme vertical integration, like Starship, um, anything that's needed to support future growth
36:19Thanks
36:22 >> Yeah, no, I appreciate the question
36:26I think we are very proud of how we have managed capital allocation over the years, for sure, and I think we are continuing down that path
36:36If you look at it, we have been very efficient to date, and I think we will continue to be
36:42 You know, if you look at the rest of this year, to answer specifically on capital expenditures, I think you should probably think that the next two quarters are very similar to the current quarter in terms of CAPEX
36:49Level perspective
36:55But I do think, you know, as you look longer term, I think capex really—I think for our perspective, all capex is not the same
37:02What we're seeing right now is a situation where we're able to deploy, specifically on the AI compute side, capital in such a way that we're getting less than a one-year payback
37:13It's almost like your capital is becoming almost, uh, you know, an item that you would put otherwise in COGS because it's moving so quickly in terms of monetization and moving into revenue
37:24That's different than I would say, historically, on the SpaceX level, where you know we're building assets that are going to benefit us from launch sites for the next couple of decades
37:34And and So, we certainly manage for, you know, optimizing ROI on our capital, uh, you know, all the time from that perspective
37:41Yeah, I'll add a little bit to that
37:44Um, as Brett mentioned, we are expecting to reach 100 billion plus ARR in December of this year
37:52Um, and it's probably also worth mentioning that our internal projections for reaching a trillion dollars in revenue, not ARR, have moved up from 2031 to 2030
38:05So, prior to the IPO, our financial projections were reaching a trillion dollars in revenue in 2031
38:14We now expect that to be in 2030, and there's a non-zero chance of that happening in 2029
38:21 Your next question comes from the line of Ronald Epstein
38:25with Bank of America
38:27Your line is open
38:29Please go ahead
38:30 >> Yeah
38:32Hey, hey, good evening, everybody
38:33Um, could you walk through what you learned on Starship Launch 13? You know, what was better than expected? What was worse? And then, how do we think about this in the journey toward rapid reusability—heat shields, and so forth? >> Uh, sure
38:51So, actually, Flight 13—I was a little worried about that flight because you think of Apollo 13, like things went wrong on that flight, you know, but this flight actually went incredibly well
39:06The heat shield appears to be very robust
39:07The ship is still floating in the ocean, and we expect to recover the ship and bring it back
39:14It looks like everything is coming back for analysis
39:22So I would say things look very good
39:30And that's why we, assuming we receive regulatory approval to do so, will attempt to catch the ship with the tower on the next flight, which is tentatively scheduled for the end of this month
39:39We expect the cadence of flights to be increasing rapidly, and probably, in a year from now, we will be doing at least one flight a day, possibly more
39:52 >> Your next question comes from the line of Doug Anmouth with JP Morgan
39:55Your line is open
39:58Please go ahead
40:01 >> Thanks so much for taking the questions
40:04Elon, can you elaborate on the key unlocks from leveraging your rockets and satellite expertise just in accelerating the pace of..
40:12Compute buildout? And then, I totally appreciate the $6.7 billion in incremental compute deals
40:17Um, can you talk more about just how you expect the supply and demand environment to persist going forward and whether you'll be able to keep this kind of premium pricing for these deals and sustainability? Thanks
40:35>> Sure
40:37Um, well, you know, as the saying goes, you know, they say like, this isn't rocket science
40:46Well, actually, rocket science is literally our daily business
40:49Um, and, you know, rocket science is an idiomatic expression for extreme technological difficulty, and there's a reason for it because the thing—let me tell you what rockets desperately want to do—every flight
41:02They desperately want to blow themselves into tiny pieces
41:04Um, and uh, but then the engineering challenge is to convince the rocket not to blow itself into tiny pieces and actually deliver payloads to orbit
41:13Um, but you'll note that, you know, some of our competitors do in fact blow their rockets up
41:19Um, this is not a reflection on their capabilities; it does not mean they're incapable
41:22In fact, I think our competitors are very smart people
41:26But despite being very smart, the rockets still blow up
41:27Um, so now, if you apply a small amount of the engineering skill that goes into making gigantic rockets reach orbit on a regular basis reliably, to terrestrial data centers, this is like, frankly, the Yankees, the New York Yankees going in..
41:45And playing a Little League team
41:52And it's, it's, it's kind of ridiculous, frankly
41:56Um, these terrestrial data centers are a trivial problem compared to making gigantic reusable rockets, which are launched frequently
42:03Um, and the Starlink satellites also are, uh, like alien-level technology
42:07Um, there’s still nothing that compares to our Starlink V2 satellites, and our V3 satellites are really more than an order of magnitude better than our V2 satellites
42:23So, you take a small percentage of that engineering applied to terrestrial data centers, and you get an amazing outcome
42:32Um, so that’s what we’re seeing
42:38Um, yeah
42:45Um, now, from a monetization standpoint, um, the, if you say like what’s my best guess for… Monetization per watt, I would say, Reuben’s, uh, my guess is, uh, would be somewhere between $30 and $50
42:52Um, this is just a guess
42:54I'm just, you know, taking a guess, as a guess
43:00Um, but what we're obviously seeing with AI is that the intelligence per watt is increasing rapidly
43:06Um, so that means the usefulness per watt is increasing rapidly
43:12Um, and I think anyone who's a close follower of the AI arena, um, you start seeing smaller and smaller models do more and more amazing things
43:23Um, there's an argument that we may get to the point where even an H100 GPU is able to deliver useful AI that's comparable to a human engineer
43:34Um, based on current trends, I think that's not an impossible outcome
43:41Then it's like, how useful would that be? I think the usefulness that would be is going to be extremely high
43:54Um, I mean, if you think of where AI was 12 months ago—this is 12 months ago, which would have been August last year—before the advent of Claude 4.5, which I think should be considered one of the milestones and a credit to Anthropic
44:12You know, it was, I would say, a shock to the system how good 4.5 was
44:17Um, and that was, you know, 10 months ago, basically
44:20Um, and if you ask what about AI two years ago, I think, well, AI two years ago feels like something that should be in a museum, where you're like, you're not going to believe this, but two years ago, this was AI
44:39Um, this relic
44:41So I think, you know, by the end of next year, it's not clear to me that there is anything that at least AI won't be able to do, based on the current rate of improvement
44:54Then look at the rate at which logic and memory are being produced
45:03And one must always consider the limiting factor here
45:06The limiting factor currently is memory
45:11The memory output is increasing by around 20% per year
45:16Now, normally that would be fantastically fast and amazing for any large, mature industry
45:21But ask yourself, is the demand increasing by 20% a year? No, the demand is increasing by 200% a year, maybe higher
45:38So, if demand is increasing much faster than supply, then economics..
45:42I would suggest that the price increases do not decrease
45:46 Your next question comes from the line of Edison U
45:52with Deutsche Bank
45:54Your line is open
45:58Please go ahead
46:00 Hi, good evening
46:02Thank you for taking our question
46:04I wanted to come back on the comment about the $100 billion in ARR
46:10Is there any way you can unpack that a little bit and perhaps explain what it takes to get there? And then, in relation to that, Elon, I know you mentioned you pulled the revenue target forward by a year
46:23Can you maybe highlight a few things that gave you this extra confidence? Thank you
46:28 Well, on the unpacking, I think the key there is that it's really growth in all three of the business areas
46:36Segments, but the biggest piece is, and we already talked about, you know, additional business
46:44We've already closed in the first couple of weeks of July on the AI cloud services side, but certainly, as you know, we've already announced some previous deals with Google and Anthropic that start to ramp up either later this quarter or, you know, in October
46:59And so, there's a lot of momentum from that side of the business as well as we're seeing, you know, strength in our own models and in Cyberus coming into the fold as well
47:11So, it's really all three segments that are driving that, but the cloud services piece being the largest contributor of that
47:19>> Uh yes, we'd like to be..
47:23The 100 billion AR in December is not a question mark; that's what we were to achieve if we basically did nothing
47:32So, I think it may be higher than that
47:34It probably will be higher than that
47:36Um, the, you know, I think in terms of the relative percentage of, you know, breakdown of like what revenue generates what, I think the breakdown is probably similar to what we shared pre-IPO
47:55It's just happening a year earlier
47:58Um, and, you know, I will go back to what I said and what Gwen and Brett mentioned earlier, which is that we do expect a very rapid increase in revenue from Starlink communications from the V3 satellite, because, like I said, it's more than 10 times the..
48:18The capability of the V2 satellite, and we'll be launching 10 times as many, and we have the direct-to-sell constellation going up as well
48:32So, um, you know, some people are looking at the historical growth of Starlink based on V2, but we have a step change, a massive step change happening with the V3 satellite
48:49 >> Your next question comes from the line of John Hodelik with UBS
48:52Your line is open
48:54Please go ahead
48:57 >> Great, thank you
49:00Uh, two things
49:03Uh, firstly, Elon, just following up on that comment on Starlink Mobile
49:04Uh, when do you expect to start launching the V2s? Um, can you talk about your appetite for additional spectrum after the Equa4 deal? And then, um, just how big do you think that..
49:16The opportunity is in mobile, and if you could compare that to the broadband business, that would be great
49:22And then, secondly, just a quick follow-up on the compute
49:25It looks like you're going to have a big ramp in compute coming in 2027
49:30How should we think of that capacity being leased versus used for, you know, training GPT? I guess, in other words, how much of that has to be withheld to train GPT versus what can be leased out to third parties? Thanks
49:42 >> I'll go ahead and take the Starlink mobile questions, John
49:46We're going to start flying the next-generation Starlink mobile satellite
49:49It's confusing
49:51It's actually the second version, as opposed to the V3, which is the..
49:54Broadband, next-generation broadband satellite
49:56We're going to start flying those next year
50:00Um, and just so you understand, currently the system that we're operating uses about five megahertz of bandwidth
50:06Um, and we operate that through local telecom providers
50:11We have 65 megahertz of bandwidth available to us through the EchoStar spectrum, which gives a massive increase in capability
50:22Another way to look at it is we will also probably tenfold the number of satellites
50:29So, simplifying, you could look at the Starlink mobile leveraging this, the next-generation satellite, and the EchoStar spectrum as being a hundred times better—ten times better—than what we've got right now, and it's a pretty decent..
50:46You can do voice and video calls over Signal and WhatsApp
50:53So, we anticipate a really strong uptake of that capability
50:57As far as revenue, I'm just going to take a very high-level, top-down view
51:01The big three in the United States, AT&T, Verizon, and T-Mobile, collectively generate roughly $600 billion a year
51:10I expect us to be able to acquire quite a few of their customers because I think our service will be better
51:18We will eliminate dead zones by leveraging the satellites in orbit
51:25It will be better during any kind of natural disaster because, surprisingly, even though space movies make space look super dangerous, it is actually a pretty quiescent environment
51:36So, I am quite..
51:41I'm excited about Starlink Mobile going forward
51:44We will start to launch the satellites next year, and we will begin providing service by the end of next year
51:52You're next
52:01>> I guess I should elaborate on— we obviously have more than one question being asked here, but, um, the, you know, obviously, if somebody's trying to create a financial model, some of these questions are— you have to plug them in, and input some numbers here
52:09Uh, so, for training, we do expect the percentage of compute that we use internally for model training to decrease over time and to have far more of the compute used for inference, or to, you know, rent out training and inference compute to others
52:22Um, so I would expect maybe, you know, 10% of our..
52:26Compute to be used for Grock training, something like that
52:29Your next question comes from the line of Catgun Marl with Evercore ISI
52:35Your line is open
52:38Please go ahead
52:40Good afternoon, and thanks for taking the question
52:43I had a follow-up on Starlink Mobile and your ambitions in the US market in particular
52:50I think a lot of us are trying to better understand what a US [clears throat] direct-to-consumer service could look like
52:58You know, to become a true fourth US carrier would imply well over a hundred billion dollars of mobile CapEx over time, much of it auction spectrum and greenfield infrastructure
53:08How are you weighing that potential build plan against an M&A or acquisition path, and what's your internal base case on how far you'll..
53:15Take this ambition, or is this all a little bit too premature at this point? Thank you
53:23>> The spectrum that we purchased from EchoStar does have terrestrial components
53:28So, we definitely intend to build out the terrestrial, the terrestrial component
53:32You will have not only the capacity from the satellites themselves, but also a buildout of the terrestrial hardware and systems necessary to make a true mobile service, exactly what you want it to be
53:46I'm not going to talk about the capital expenditures for that
53:56It's a little, well, I don't want to say it's immature
54:01I'm just going to say I'm not going to discuss the capital expenses for that right now
54:07But, let's talk a little, let me give a little hint
54:12...and that is, you could put a base station, um, a cellular base station on, uh, the gear that holds a Starlink broadband dish
54:16So, you can have kind of these little femtocells, uh, around the country, and you deploy that as you need it
54:25You don't have to, um, necessarily spend, you know, billions of dollars in low-band spectrum all upfront before you deploy your system
54:33Um, so, uh, that's why I don't want to talk about the capex for building out the terrestrial network, because we have a lot of really great and new ideas for how we're going to do that, and I think it will be quite capex-efficient
54:50Yeah, that point is probably worth just a few more words, which is that, um, because this is quite an important point, uh, you..
54:56Knowing instead of having to deploy these very expensive and difficult-to-locate large cellular base stations, we feel reasonably confident that we can deploy a large number of small stations—essentially Starlink dishes—that also provide connectivity in the mobile spectrum bands and have them all over the place
55:19The Starlink antennas are located on the roofs of houses and businesses, so they have a clear view to provide connectivity directly to cell phones on the ground
55:34In fact, we think this connectivity is probably better and higher bandwidth than..
55:40Thank you
55:47With the remaining time, we would like to cover some of the questions from individual shareholders
55:54I will read them aloud
55:58We got a lot of questions on the progress for Starship human landing system
56:12Can we provide any updates on Starship? Well, obviously, we need to make Starship, uh, super reliable for satellites before we put any people on board
56:20But we are expecting to have a very high launch rate and thus achieve the level of safety needed for humans very quickly, probably by the end of next year
56:37As far as the milestones go, propellant transfer in orbit is critical to our..
56:40Internal SpaceX, as well as our HLS ambitions
56:43The Artemis III mission is next year
56:46That's when we will dock with the Orion spacecraft
56:53We will follow that up with a uncrewed lunar cargo mission
57:02And then, we want to put boots on the ground, boots on the Moon, in 2028
57:08 Regarding the Cursor acquisition, there were several questions asking about the combined product roadmap for the companies once it closes
57:17I think we'll leave that to be announced or discussed outside of the official communication
57:29We don't want to jump the gun on regulators regarding the closing of the acquisition
57:34So, we're trying to close the acquisition as quickly as possible
57:46I think we're pretty close to that, but we have to be wary of sort of jumping the gun on regulatory approvals
57:56Next question from the individual shareholders: once you start launching broadband V3 satellites, how quickly will they translate into improved Starlink service? >> Well, so would we need a, uh, some critical mass of, uh, V3 satellites, probably at least on the order of about a thousand
58:12Um, but, uh, probably that's, you know, I mean, approximately second quarter next year, uh, would be, I think, when we get to that point
58:25>> And our last question is about the heat shield—the hardest remaining problem for Starship
58:34Um, look, I don't, I don't want to jinx it or anything, but I think we, I think we..
58:46I think I'd consider the The heat shield problem is solved at this point
58:50Now, we want to take a close look at the ship that is currently floating in the ocean
58:55All indications from data and visual inspection suggest that we have resolved the heat shield issue, which is arguably the single biggest problem
59:02That doesn't mean we won't make improvements to the heat shield; of course, we will continue to improve it
59:09But I would say that we do not see any technical obstacles at this point to achieving full and rapid reusability
59:16Thank you
59:22This concludes today's call
59:29You can reach us at ir.spacex.com and spacex.com, and we will see you next quarter
59:36Cheers
59:38>> This concludes today's call
59:40Thank you for attending
59:41>> All right
59:49Hey everybody
59:57We'll do some, uh, some recapping here and maybe have a chance to go through some of the earlier numbers since we had a more compressed time period in between the actual shareholder letter and financial results, as well as the earnings call
01:00:04So, bear with me a second
01:00:07Let me know if the audio is all good
01:00:08I always get a little worried about that, but it seems like everything's going okay right now
01:00:14I'm just going to flip over and make sure that this broadcast has ended
01:00:16Okay, great
01:00:18On the SpaceX call
01:00:19All right
01:00:20Well, uh, certainly very interesting
01:00:22I don't know
01:00:23I mean, I'm excited about this company
01:00:25I've been..
01:00:27For a long time, I think many of you share that feeling
01:00:30As I said earlier today, it's going to be really fun to hear from SpaceX, hear from management about the company's direction, some of the goals they have, and the milestones they believe they can hit
01:00:50And I definitely think they did that today, both in the shareholder letter and particularly on the earnings call, with some of you know the comments here
01:00:59So, let me just finish my last note: full and rapid reusability, however that's spelled
01:01:04Okay
01:01:06Let's see, the audio is good
01:01:08Fantastic
01:01:10All right
01:01:11Well, hey, I appreciate you guys joining for this
01:01:13This has been fun, and I do want to go back and..
01:01:16Highlight some things
01:01:19Um, I did highlight one thing
01:01:22We'll start there
01:01:25That was emphasis for me, but also for, you know, the audience here, too
01:01:29So I think it was really, really important what they talked about with Starlink, with direct-to-cell, with the V3 satellites
01:01:34I think this is just really misunderstood
01:01:38I haven't posted a ton about, you know, SpaceX analysis, but the probably the major thing that I did post was basically looking at this with V3
01:01:48When you combine the sort of, like, order-of-magnitude progress that SpaceX feels like they're making with V3 from V2, just with the satellites, which people need to understand is that Starship itself, and the payload capacity that it has by weight and by volume, opens up
01:02:07The ability to have a different satellite form factor than a Falcon 9 would have is because you have the capability to produce a different form factor, something larger
01:02:19You can create a design that performs much better
01:02:22It's almost like economies of scale for a product, right? For example, you have more weight and volume available, and with that, you can do more while gaining efficiencies through additional product availability
01:02:38So, not only are you leveraging time efficiencies, learnings, and technology, but you're also leveraging the ability to deliver the product in a more efficient form factor at the same time
01:02:54And that is what SpaceX continually emphasizes
01:02:58Basically giving them a 10x improvement, an order of magnitude improvement roughly from V2 to V3 satellites in terms of their capability, their efficiency in delivering broadband, delivering bits of data
01:03:16And then not only do you have that improvement on the actual satellite itself, which is the core infrastructure for the connectivity business, which we were talking about a little bit earlier today, where it's like, oh, you know, should you include launch R&D and space R&D in connectivity operating margins, because that's a big factor, as obviously you need launch to do the whole connectivity thing
01:03:39This is part of why SpaceX is such an amazing business, right? Because they have both of these all in
01:03:47The same business and both of them leverage each other, which is exactly what we're talking about here
01:03:53But because SpaceX has this improvement in this satellite, and at the same time, they also have all of the improvements associated with Starship, which is again more payload basically launched for a much cheaper price
01:04:01And then you're looking at that basically being a 10x improvement from where Falcon 9 is
01:04:09I went through the math more specifically in that post that I'm mentioning, but just roughly speaking, an order of magnitude improvement on the satellite in terms of ability to deliver service, and an order of magnitude on Starship, in terms of ability to put that product, that satellite, into orbit
01:04:25Orbit for a certain price
01:04:26That basically means that you're lowering your cost of providing that service by 100 times
01:04:28[laughter] Um, and this isn't even the part I bolded yet
01:04:34I bolded yet
01:04:40So, you're lowering the price to basically deliver the service, which is already delivering a 50% gross margin and a 38% operating margin this quarter, by 100 times
01:04:46Like, I don't understand how people don't get this, because that's absolutely insane
01:04:51Elon was specifically saying, like, oh yeah, people might look and model Starlink historically on what was happening
01:04:57But all of that is V2
01:04:59None of that is Starship
01:05:00None of that's the V3 satellite
01:05:03That's analyzing a business before a 100x step change happens
01:05:05And that's obviously..
01:05:07Incredibly short-sighted and dumb to do if you are going to do something like that
01:05:11So, the point being, we're right at the step change for both the satellite business, for driving this connectivity business, and space, which is launching the satellite business at the exact same time
01:05:25None of that has contributed to the business at all today, and it's just about to start over the next 12 months into a business that's already incredibly profitable and already growing at, whatever revenue grew at—33% in a quarter
01:05:40I just, it's like unfathomable
01:05:42It's almost the degree of ridiculous that it almost starts to make sense, like why people don't get it, because it just is so ridiculous
01:05:52So, I don't know
01:05:54It's worth being excited about
01:05:57About that stuff to me
01:06:00And then that's setting aside even talking about mobile, which is what I actually bolded here
01:06:03Well, maybe not, but that part was what I bolded
01:06:07But then they continued to talk about Starlink Mobile
01:06:10Gwyn specifically said, and this is the most open I've ever seen SpaceX be about this, it's fascinating
01:06:16Gwyn specifically said, "You look at Verizon, AT&T, T-Mobile, and what their revenue figures are—$600 billion between those three—and you can offer, SpaceX, I believe, feels extremely confident that they have the pieces in place to be able to offer a service that is better than those." And if you tie that into the capex question that the..
01:06:40The next person asked, which was a good question, but coming from a very uninformed perspective, I would say, because he was basically saying, “Oh, these other businesses that have $600 billion of revenue, they needed to spend $100 billion to build out that capital expenditure.” So, do you want to spend $100 billion on capex, or do you want to acquire them? The framing of that question is so wrong
01:06:59It’s not applying first principles thinking
01:07:18And then you can immediately see SpaceX respond and answer from a first principles perspective: the question is not, do we want to spend $100 billion on capex? The question is, how can we offer a better service for less? Price? And when you look at it from that perspective, like the answers are very clear, and they just start to barely give you a little bit of why they think they can offer that better service
01:07:38And then they didn't even really talk too much about the cost, but what they did say dramatically, you know, heavily implies that, like, the CapEx budget for something that would be competitive would be potentially superior to what those other businesses offer
01:07:49The spending for that can happen over a period of time as revenue is generated, and it's just in a very different way than how those other businesses did it before
01:08:00The unlock for all of that is what we just talked about with Starlink being able to deliver such massive..
01:08:11Amounts of bandwidth and capacity
01:08:12Instead of using cell towers as the infrastructure to serve that demand, what SpaceX is saying, from my point of view, is— I could be missing some of the technical details because I'm not super familiar with how cellular service is provided— but I think what they're saying is that, due to the bandwidth capacity we'll have with the Starlink constellation, we can basically serve that cellular demand and traffic with a combination of satellite infrastructure and, not necessarily, the existing ground infrastructure today, but ground infrastructure that is not one-to-one comparable to a cellular tower that exists today
01:08:46I'm hoping that's making some sense
01:08:50But the way that they basically said that, and we talked about this on the Tesla earnings call, too, where Elon specifically, I think, answered a question about putting Starlink receivers in Cyber Cabs and if those could be used as sort of a distribution access point for cell service
01:09:15And he was basically like, "Yeah, that makes sense
01:09:19If they're going to do that with Cyber Cabs, there's no reason to restrict that to just those Starlink receivers in Cyber Cabs
01:09:32That could be every single Starlink receiver that exists in the world." Obviously, from a certain point, once they start including that..
01:09:37Technology
01:09:41Um, but it's just a very interesting concept and something that people just don't understand
01:09:45There's a way to do that extremely capital efficiently and potentially even build it into the cost of just deploying those things anyway
01:09:51So, you could potentially have the customer who's actually buying a receiver start to subsidize that in a way
01:09:59Now, I don't know the legality and regulations of all of that and if that would happen or not
01:10:08Maybe there's something that prevents a customer’s receiver from doing that
01:10:13But the point is, it's looking at cell towers and being like, you guys need to build, operate, and own a bunch of cell towers
01:10:19Like, the answer to that is not necessarily
01:10:21And we..
01:10:24I have different ideas for, you know, a lot of different reasons
01:10:27That's basically what it boiled down to
01:10:28All right, so, long-winded way of saying that I think the connectivity business is extremely underappreciated
01:10:32Like, people just don't seem to be getting what's about to happen here
01:10:38You know, they said that Starlink is going to be a significant part of the internet in terms of traffic, bandwidth, and all of that
01:10:46And when you start to go through the reasons for that, it really begins to make a lot of sense
01:10:50Okay, getting fired up
01:10:54[laughter] Let's see, what else did I want to talk about here? So, I think the revenue targets were super interesting
01:10:58I'm definitely going to miss some..
01:11:02Things that I want to talk about here
01:11:06I'm always bad at going back through these notes, but the revenue targets are interesting
01:11:13I think that Elon basically said that this business is interesting
01:11:16I think a lot of us are coming from the context of Tesla, where you're selling vehicles and your sales in a particular quarter or a particular month depend on the demand to sell that product
01:11:30This is a very different business, where there are a lot of contracts, right? You're not necessarily delivering a widget; you're delivering a service
01:11:39It's one of the reasons why service businesses are so valuable—because you just continue to deliver that service
01:11:46So, what Elon is saying is like, oh, this 100 billion, It's like kind of where we're already at
01:11:56What they can look at is a combination of the services that they currently have, that they're servicing today, the revenue associated with those, and then the contracts that they have in place for these future periods
01:12:08I think I would have to go back to listen to what Brett said specifically on the cloud services agreements, but some of these exist already and just haven't started recognizing revenue
01:12:22I believe that's already the case in this second quarter, where we're looking at—I can't remember the revenue figure off the top of my head—let me just quickly check that
01:12:31But we're looking at almost $8 billion in revenue in Q2
01:12:36So, already that's..
01:12:37Annualizing to whatever, 32ish
01:12:39But that includes, you know, April, May, and June
01:12:40And certainly June revenue was going to be a lot higher than April
01:12:45So you're already going to be, I don't know, 40
01:12:53I wouldn't be surprised if June was already kind of at 40 in terms of revenue run rate
01:13:00Which, you know, when you're looking at March, March-end quarter revenue was like four and a half billion
01:13:06You could annualize that to a couple, you know, 20-something billion
01:13:08And already here, probably like three months later, you're already talking about a revenue run rate that's probably roughly double that
01:13:17So, I think Elon can kind of sit there and say, "Okay, with everything that we have in place, with these contracts that aren't fully..." Reflected in this time period, more coming online in October
01:13:32It sounds like, if you just look at those things that already exist, you can start to quickly add those up into a revenue figure that's certainly above 50 billion and probably well on its way to that 100 billion revenue run rate
01:13:43And then the important thing — [laughter] — obviously, the revenue is extremely important too, but second in importance to that is profitability on that revenue, and that is something that SpaceX has shown to be tremendous at, particularly in the connectivity business
01:13:59And I think, just in this quarter, which we'll try to look at some of these numbers here in a second, we're starting to see some of that now in the AI business as well
01:14:11These cloud service agreements come online
01:14:13Brett mentioned specifically, like, "Hey, the payback period on this capital expenditure that we're deploying, all this spending that we have, which is massive, is less than a year," which is insane, because then if you actually use that for two years, you're talking about immediately getting basically a 50% payback on that, or whatever the math is
01:14:27I don't want to calculate the Return on Invested Capital (ROIC) in my head, but it's good, right? Which is basically [snorts] the extent of what Brett was saying
01:14:36So, a lot to be excited about in terms of that
01:14:40The trillion-dollar target, we know less about that, but it is interesting that I think Elon posted something about that on X
01:14:46I don't know, maybe two months ago, a month ago
01:14:49Um, so interesting to see that they reasonably view a path to hitting that as maybe even in 2029
01:14:59Their sort of internal forecasting has that at 2030, which is actually pulled forward from, you know, 2031
01:15:05And again, if SpaceX can maintain any degree of gross profitability similar to where they're at today, I mean, let's just say you're at 40%, and this is many years in the future, there's a lot that could happen, things change, etc., etc
01:15:21But just to hypothetically go through some numbers: if you're at a trillion dollars in revenue and you're at a 40% gross margin, you're generating $400 billion in gross profit
01:15:35I mean, I don't know what kind of operating..
01:15:39Expenses you have on a business of that scale, but I'm thinking there will be a lot of economies of scale there
01:15:45So, a lot of that gross profit should be dropping down to operating margin, operating income, and net income
01:15:51I won't guess what those numbers could be, but you can probably just look at, you know, what percent of gross profit in a comparable revenue business, or a comparable..
01:15:58I don't think there's a comparable gross profit business
01:16:03All right, I'm going to shut that mental loop down because I don't want to get into a situation where I'm saying some numbers that are maybe not well based
01:16:18But the point being, there would be, you know, potential there for, I don't know, 100 billion plus maybe
01:16:23Significantly, in terms of net income or at least EBITDA, and then you know, apply whatever multiple on top of that
01:16:29So it's exciting
01:16:33I just think people have such a poor understanding of this company, honestly, [laughter]
01:16:38But it makes sense
01:16:40It's been private for a long time
01:16:44We're just starting to get information on it now
01:16:55It's going to take time for people to absorb that information, to verify it, to do their own analysis, and to come to the conclusions that maybe others have already reached a few years ago
01:17:04That’s just part of the market, and sometimes part of the advantage that individual investors or any investor can gain in the market is that..
01:17:08That lag in understanding
01:17:13Um, okay, I'm just going to scroll through
01:17:18I'm sure there are a couple of other points in here that I want to highlight, and then maybe we'll spend some time on the Excel
01:17:28It's going to take definitely a minute, um, not to be super exciting, but let's get through those first, and then we can go there
01:17:34Um, sounds like everything's tracking to catch the ship on the next flight, and it sounds like that's going to be at the end of August, potentially
01:17:44So, even if that slips a little bit, you know, we're just a handful of weeks out from potential ship catch
01:17:50That'll be valuable for them to get heat shield data, um, just, you know, a variety of other data on the ship, too, if they can actually successfully recover that ship
01:17:56And who knows, maybe they would use that again, try to fly the ship a second time, and then, you know, I don't know if they would attempt to land it again
01:18:06But certainly, they could collect some more data if they're able to reuse it
01:18:14We're like extremely close to having this future of rapid, reliable reusability that SpaceX has been working toward for basically two and a half decades
01:18:22It's like at the one-inch line now, or the one-yard line, whatever you prefer
01:18:27Super, super close
01:18:30And especially with Elon now saying that they feel the heat shield has been successful
01:18:36Again, they'll continue to improve and iterate on that over time
01:18:41But I think just the fact that he is feeling..
01:18:44He's speaking about it so optimistically, when in the past that has not been something that has been spoken about as optimistically
01:18:53I think that's just extremely exciting
01:18:55So, I'm looking forward to the next launch
01:19:00And I think they said a couple of times that it will be the launch that will start delivering these V3 satellites, which can really unlock this step change in the connectivity business as well
01:19:16Um, yeah, I mean, 2,500 metric tons to orbit right now versus a million targeting
01:19:19You can do the math on how big of a multiple that is
01:19:23Um, rapid progress with Starship
01:19:24Just from what I read, I mean, Starship 4.5 seems to be probably the best-received model that SpaceX has ever produced in terms of..
01:19:39It's sort of like viability and competitiveness
01:19:48It's not necessarily the frontier model of intelligence, but it seems to be on the frontier in terms of intelligence per cost, per unit of intelligence
01:19:58I think there are many situations where arguably GPT-4.5 is the leader in that area
01:20:06And it really depends on what type of tasks you're doing, of course
01:20:12It's very exciting to see, especially if the acquisition of Cursor, and if some of the integration of additional data that SpaceX believes will be valuable, can continue to drive further improvements
01:20:24If GPT-4.5 continues to leverage that to gain market share
01:20:32Then, I think there is a flywheel here, and that's why this time period is very important, in terms of user base and the data that you're able to get from that user base to then refine the models in the future
01:20:52It's kind of similar to FSD, right? Like, it would be very difficult to build FSD if you don't have any cars, because the cars are what's collecting the data
01:21:03It'd be very difficult to build a world-leading AI agent model, or whatever, if you don't have customers out there to learn from and to collect data
01:21:07So, it's important
01:21:12I think the customer acquisition is probably done in large part with that in mind
01:21:17And it's nice to see some progress behind
01:21:21Those things
01:21:24Um, it was really nice to see average revenue per user be stable
01:21:30That did drop pretty significantly from the sort of like 2025 average cost, which let me double-check so I don't get it wrong, but I think it was $81
01:21:44Yeah, so $81 average revenue per user throughout the entirety of 2025, just sort of on an average basis that year
01:21:51Q1 was only $66
01:21:53So Brett has mentioned a couple of times that the reason for that drop is has a lot to do with like geographical expansion
01:22:00He said specifically that more of that would be expected
01:22:02Later on in the call, though, Elon basically said, "Hey, even if we're dropping that by 10 times and your average revenue per user is like six bucks," [laughter] Seven bucks
01:22:17In theory, if you're dropping your cost to provide that service by 100 times, you could still actually even improve your gross margin percentage
01:22:24Obviously, to get your revenue, you'd have to grow revenue 100 times if you're dropping it 10x, but the price 10x
01:22:33The point being, it seems like there's a path here for SpaceX to offer this at a cost level that no one else could ever possibly offer, at a scale that no one else could possibly provide
01:22:46It's just, it's kind of mind-blowing when you start to look at those numbers
01:22:53So, I think that was Elon's point
01:22:55That's the point that we discussed at length earlier
01:22:57I won't rehash it again, but it's just important to understand that
01:23:02So anyway, it's also… Nice to see the average revenue per user staying stable, even though there is a lot of room for that to continue to decline and still be an extremely profitable business
01:23:10Uh, is kind of the point there
01:23:14All right, let's see
01:23:15A lot of stuff on enterprise and government
01:23:18It seems like they're very bullish on those areas
01:23:19Interesting to see that aviation is only about 10% market penetration right now, because you see a lot of announcements, but it's not actually integrated into many planes yet
01:23:30I've just now started to get flights, like United flights, that have Starlink, and it's been awesome
01:23:35You get like 300 megabits per second, paying around 30 milliseconds, maybe 40
01:23:40Um, it's pretty great
01:23:42So, connectivity revenue
01:23:44Again, growing massively sequentially, which is awesome
01:23:45CapEx
01:23:47So, it was interesting to hear the comments on CapEx
01:23:48I think, I don't know
01:23:51I was trying to watch the market after close, you know, the movement
01:23:59I'm not sure it moved too much with Brett's comments, but basically saying that future quarters for this year should be similar CapEx to this quarter
01:24:10So, I don't know, maybe we just call that 20 billion dollars a quarter
01:24:14I only say that because I find it interesting that it jumped so dramatically from Q1 to Q2 that people, without that comment, may have continued to assume that the trend would continue, versus just expecting this level of spending to continue if you're increasing
01:24:29It by $8 billion a quarter, that's a lot different than, you know, keeping it maintained at this higher level
01:24:36So, I would think that the market would like that, but it's sort of tough to know without, you know, limited analyst history here
01:24:41Okay
01:24:47I'm just going to quickly read through this because I'm sure there are probably some other things that I want to comment on that I'm just not remembering at the moment
01:24:52I think the point on compute is that they expect things to continue to be constrained
01:25:07Interesting to see that they're exclusively going with Nvidia right now
01:25:09Obviously, there's a reason they would do that other than just the quality of the product, which is obviously compelling on its own, but it certainly..
01:25:21It looks like there have been a lot of conversations with Nvidia to secure a certain percentage of their supply
01:25:27SpaceX today even posted about working with Nvidia for Starlink, for Reubens to be deployed in that system
01:25:33Interesting that SpaceX feels like that system is a better rack system than what exists for data centers right now
01:25:42[laughter] So, some of that, like applying a small sliver of SpaceX's engineering talent towards this problem, is probably one of the potential outcomes from that
01:25:53They're going to find things that maybe they think are good ideas initially, and then they try them out and they realize, like, oh, maybe that wasn't the right path
01:26:06There will be things like that
01:26:12That, that happen
01:26:19But I think anytime you kind of put new eyes on a problem, I mean, you could argue that that's sort of how Tesla Daily even became a thing, right? When you put a new perspective, new eyes on a problem, there’s, you know, it’s not infrequent that you’ll find novel solutions, different ways of thinking about things that drive improvement
01:26:25And I think that’s the concept that Elon Musk is talking about here — just put some really smart people to work on a problem, especially people who maybe have a different background, who haven't necessarily encountered some of the reasons or constraints in the existing industry
01:26:32It can yield some pretty..
01:26:39Strong results
01:26:46So I think that's, you know, part of what SpaceX is seeing there
01:26:50Um, okay
01:26:52All right
01:26:54I think that's most of it
01:26:56I'm going to take a quick look at the chat just to see what kind of comments we have here
01:27:02Um, super appreciate the super chats
01:27:07Um, all right
01:27:12Maybe [laughter]
01:27:17I can't put the chat on the screen here, but someone commented super chat, um, DC Dale saying SpaceX Daily
01:27:19Lol
01:27:21Just kidding
01:27:24Unless [laughter]
01:27:26I, I do not have the bandwidth, unfortunately
01:27:36My bandwidth is not increasing 100 times
01:27:37Um, it is fixed [laughter], maybe slightly increasing with AI, but uh, not 100 times
01:27:41So no capacity for Tesla Daily or SpaceX Daily
01:27:47But I am looking forward to having these couple of touch points
01:27:50Now with the earnings calls
01:27:55Um, uh, super chat from Tesla Pilot
01:27:57The numbers on the call sounded good, but it's trading lower after hours
01:28:01What isn't the market liking? So, I mean, even if you look at just today in isolation, like SpaceX is still, I think, up for the day or at least flat
01:28:20I think we opened it right around the share price now, so obviously if you're a SpaceX shareholder, you would prefer that gain that we had during the day would hold
01:28:30But you know, if you went to bed yesterday and woke up today, throughout the entire day, and it's just flat, it's kind of like, oh, cool, like earnings came out, must have been decently well received
01:28:40Um, obviously the markets..
01:28:50are up too, so you'd miss out on some of the market appreciation that you'd normally see from a high-beta stock, but I don't think anyone would be, you know, too disappointed with that, especially just kind of given the market dynamics that I talked about before, earlier today, with sort of like the lockup releases and things like that happening
01:29:00I mean, you can see the trend since [snorts] IPO, and I think a lot of that trend is basically just kind of like positioning, whether it's shorting or whatever else, ahead of these lockup releases
01:29:10And then, I don't know, we'll see what happens
01:29:15But the dynamics of that perception and what's happening with the float and all of that stuff will change as..
01:29:20Blockups are starting to come out
01:29:22And at a certain point, you hit that inflection point where it's no longer a negative, but instead is a positive, because all of that potential additional liquidity is in the market, and that's it, right? Like, there's no more coming
01:29:35So, at a certain point, you kind of want to front-run that too
01:29:38So, it's just a matter of when that will be—who knows? I mean, you could argue that maybe it was earlier today
01:29:48It's possible, but we'll see
01:29:54I don't think anyone truly knows
01:30:00All right, should we hop into Excel? Oh, I don't know if I really gave my thoughts on why it's lower, but yeah, I think that's part of it—just, you know, no one, no one really..
01:30:06I don't think anyone really knew what
01:30:11To expect coming into this, and I don't think anyone really knows what to expect coming out of this, and I think anytime you have that sort of uncertainty, it’s not necessarily positive for the stock
01:30:21My perception of what was reported in terms of the numbers and what was discussed on the call is very positive
01:30:27Um, I'm excited about all that stuff
01:30:29And yeah, I mean, I won't do my same rant again, but I think there are a lot of things that need to be understood about this company that are not yet clear, and that’s going to just take some time
01:30:43Um, how long? TBD
01:30:45All right, let's flip to Excel
01:30:47Um, I didn't actually realize until today that the call was actually a little bit earlier
01:30:51So, I was trying to set this up in a way that makes sense, but the best I have is going to be a little small screen here
01:31:02Um, and it looks like even that's gotten a little bit messed up, so bear with me a little bit on this
01:31:06I'll do my best to try to get some information here
01:31:09So, not only do we have the boringness of filling out numbers, but now we have the boringness of formatting the thing that we're going to fill the numbers into
01:31:25Let's just see if that helps
01:31:27Very close
01:31:28Okay, let's see
01:31:30All right
01:31:31Again, I apologize
01:31:32I know that's going to be a little bit small
01:31:34I wish I had set this up ahead of time to be able to just go back to my normal Excel view, but uh, I won't bore you with the technical details, but we'll make sure it's better next time
01:31:49Time
01:32:05Um, for now though, this is going to take forever to enter this stuff, but not that I don't have anything else going on, but if you guys want to hang around and watch me do this, certainly feel free
01:32:21I will not be offended if you leave [laughter] right now, though
01:32:23Um, okay
01:32:24So, I know this
01:32:26Let's just get back to the financial results here
01:32:28We'll start entering some of this stuff
01:32:30So, I know MarineOrbit was 10,41
01:32:32That's year-to-date, though, so we're going to have to subtract
01:32:40I think it actually dropped a little bit in Q2
01:32:44I mean, that's my read on that is that in Q1 they did 556, and Q2 they did 485
01:32:54It's kind of weird because revenue increased in the second quarter from the first quarter
01:32:59So, not sure what's going on
01:33:04With that
01:33:09Oh, well, actually, that's a silly way to look at it because revenue, or rather most of the mass to orbit, is, you know, for SpaceX internally, for Starlink
01:33:13So, I guess that does actually make some sense
01:33:17Starlink subscribers, obviously, that was 12 million
01:33:20This was stable at 66 million, which is nice to see quarter over quarter
01:33:24And then, the payload compute was the 1.4 million
01:33:29We'll get our extra digit in there
01:33:31All right
01:33:35Space revenue, scroll down here, was 962 million
01:33:38I'll try to fill in the last year’s information too, simultaneously, so it's probably going to be faster
01:33:41And then we can see the year-over-year comparisons at the same time
01:33:49This was 25.88 billion versus 42.91 billion
01:33:55And then, for AI, we're at 2.56 billion, last year 737 million
01:34:00So, there you can see again, I know it's a little bit small, and I apologize for that
01:34:08But there's a 29% increase in space revenue from Q2 last year, which is this column
01:34:13Sixty-six percent in connectivity, 247% in AI
01:34:18We talked about those things
01:34:24I don't know if we'll have the costs for each business line, and I'm hoping we do so we can get the gross profit
01:34:31This is how I have the sheet set up, based on how it was disclosed in the S-1, but obviously, the quarterly earnings can be structured differently
01:34:41That's one of the things we'll just have to figure out over time
01:34:46I believe they'll file their Form 10-Q, which would provide this information if we don't have it today
01:34:50But I'll see if I can track it down
01:34:55Yeah, it may not be in here, which is going to be..
01:34:59Unfortunate because that's one of the things I really want to know—gross margin for these business lines
01:35:13Hmm
01:35:27I know you're not looking at my browser, but basically how they have it set up is revenue income from operations by business line, and then segment-adjusted EBITDA and CapEx by business line, and then I think they have a total
01:35:41Oh, here we go
01:35:42All right, I do have it
01:35:44So, our cost of revenue in space was 329 million
01:35:49You can see revenue increasing, you know, 300 million, cost increasing 40 million, 50 million, which is going to drive, you know, gross margin percentage up
01:36:00So, last quarter was roughly 55%
01:36:04This quarter, about 66% in the space business, but obviously, that's the smaller of the three
01:36:15If we go into the Connectivity business, cost of revenue there was 2,060
01:36:21So, [clears throat] increased by 400 million or so from last quarter
01:36:26But obviously, the revenue increasing by over a billion dollars starts to show, you know, improved gross margin on the business, as that incremental revenue is happening at better profitability, which makes sense with the average revenue per user staying stable—so, increasing from 49% to 52%
01:36:46These are the crazy gross margins that I'm talking about on this business, which offers you great profitability or a lot of room to drop your prices
01:37:00To be, you know, like, if you just took the connectivity business and you said, "Hey, we're going to drop prices 50%," to, you know, 40 or 33 dollars, you would..
01:37:09Technically, it still be at like gross profit breakeven
01:37:16You would not want to operate a business at gross profit breakeven
01:37:19So that was just, you know, for the sake of a simple example, but if you dropped to 30%, you're still at a, you know, maybe a 25% or so gross margin on that business, which is something that still would be a very healthy potential business, especially in the midst of a growth phase
01:37:33 AI, and then again, that's all before a Starship and all before V3, right? So, factor that in too
01:37:41AI costs were 11, 106 [snorts], so 57% gross margin on the AI business, which I think a lot of people are maybe missing or misunderstanding — the revenue they're generating on that business is very profitable
01:37:51They're just spending a..
01:38:07A lot in R&D in Singapore, not even so much in SGNA, but particularly in R&D
01:38:14We'll look at what that figure is
01:38:18I could probably just pull that here while I'm on this page
01:38:22Uh, 2,178
01:38:24So, we talked about that earlier, but [clears throat] well, I don't have the sheet set up that way, but uh, $2.2 billion in research and development costs in the AI business, which is obviously more than even just the profit is on its own
01:38:36If you grow that business tenfold or whatever, then obviously that sort of equation starts to change very dramatically
01:38:45Um, okay, so I think we've got all that
01:38:48Let's just quickly grab those last year's pieces of information, which I should have done as I was going through, but for AI that was 551, for SpaceX that was 330
01:38:58Connectivity is 1401
01:39:09So all in, you can see that Q2 last year had a 44% gross margin, which was a little bit below the total year gross margin but actually higher than in 2024
01:39:19You can kind of see the smooth progression of gross margin increases over the years—41%, 43%, to 49%
01:39:40This 43% in the middle of last year went up to 44%, and obviously continued to grow
01:39:45And then now, in the first quarter, you're continuing to see that upward trend, and in the second quarter, the trend continues
01:39:52Right? So as these revenue figures have grown, the profitability of those businesses has grown too, not just in terms of gross profit, which is obviously up massively
01:40:03I mean, Tesla did more gross profit this..
01:40:08Quarter than they did in 2023, which is obviously insanely impressive
01:40:12As that gross profit number is becoming larger, the gross profit margin percentage is increasing as well
01:40:16So, a lot of really great healthy signs within the financial results here
01:40:19Yeah, you can see, I mean, from last year, up over 11 percentage points on the gross margin line
01:40:29Now, here's where things get a little trickier, right? They're spending a lot of money
01:40:36So, if we look at R&D spend, I think we have the total here
01:40:43Let me just find the right page
01:40:46All right
01:40:49Consolidated cost of revenue was $34.95 billion, which should match what I've got
01:40:50Yep
01:40:51Okay
01:40:53Research and development was $3.548 billion
01:40:54So, this is actually fascinating
01:40:56I'll put… The key number, and then finish my thought
01:41:02So that was 2, 22, 82
01:41:04[snorts] So the interesting thing here—oh well, let's make sure I didn't get the wrong number because those just happen to match
01:41:20I did [snorts] correction on that one
01:41:22Yeah
01:41:24So this is fascinating
01:41:27This is, I don't know, a pretty uncommon thing to see
01:41:39The R&D spend that SpaceX had in this quarter actually was slightly higher than the total cost of their services to deliver those services, meaning the cost of launching their rockets, of putting the satellites in space, of building those satellites, anything that's sort of separate from the capex expenditure but all the amortization of that stuff, all of that combined for all the..
01:42:05Segments, it was less than what, like, the cost of that stuff was less than the cost of just the research and development from SpaceX this quarter
01:42:16The point being, they view this as a sort of pedal to the metal situation to do this research, do this development, build this infrastructure, and spend this capital expenditure
01:42:27It's a moment in time right now that SpaceX feels is tremendous for them to be able to get a great return on these dollars
01:42:37That's why they're spending so heavily
01:42:38And obviously, if you can get your entire capital back in a year, or a payback period of less than a year, that is unquestionably the right decision if that comes to fruition and continues to happen
01:42:48It's exciting
01:42:51You can tell why the company's excited
01:42:54You can tell why they valued going public, raising all of that capital because they think they can get such an amazing return on large amounts of capital, which is really great to see
01:43:06So, it's just very interesting
01:43:07Hopefully you guys are interested, too
01:43:10So, again, we're just kind of all learning some of these things together
01:43:14 All right
01:43:17SG&A (Selling, General, and Administrative expenses) [clears throat] 912 million, so no crazy growth there
01:43:21Last year was 606 million
01:43:23Oh, so no crazy growth as it's up 50% year-over-year
01:43:26But I mean, when you compare to some of these other figures, you're definitely going to be happy with your SG&A up 50% if you've got revenue up 92%
01:43:39Right, that's a very favorable trade
01:43:46Um, as long as the bases are okay, [laughter], which they are
01:43:49Uh, restructuring and impairment
01:43:51Let's see if we can find that line item
01:43:54Um, so the combination of those two was just two [laughter], this quarter, and uh, last year that was, looks like, 195
01:44:02So, nice that there's no major thing there in either of the quarters this year
01:44:09So, that should give me—let's see, hopefully we got an OPEX line in here
01:44:15We don't
01:44:18Total cost and expenses, though
01:44:22Let's make sure that those match—7,957
01:44:25Excellent
01:44:28So, that matches, and the operating income of 143 million matches as well
01:44:30So, here we can see that the operating margin percentage is actually in a much healthier spot than in previous quarters
01:44:39Quarters
01:44:49So obviously Q1, um, [laughter] things were not looking amazing on this line, obviously driven by, you know, the lower gross profit that happened in that quarter
01:44:58So I think market participants are really going to like that this is, you know, at least in this particular quarter, shown to be more of an outlier type of situation
01:45:10Uh, we'll see, you know, going forward, if that continues to be the case, but certainly you're going to prefer to see a negative 2% operating margin versus the negative 40% that we saw in the first quarter
01:45:21So, tremendous progress on that line
01:45:24And maybe progress is the wrong framing, but again, just something that's going to make people more comfortable is if you're in that more
01:45:28Break-even type situation versus the severe negative operating margin that we saw in Q1
01:45:35And then, going through some of these bottom-line numbers, SpaceX has organized things a little differently than Tesla, not just in terms of the formatting of the reporting
01:45:44So, it just changed how the spreadsheet was set up a little bit, and again, this is me finding these details
01:45:51But we'll do our best here
01:45:55Last year, the negative 411 million was this number, and then negative 629 million I think is the correct number now
01:46:05Let's see, interest income was 340 million versus 98 million
01:46:07Other income net was 86 million last year, and 413 million this year
01:46:14So, loss 518 million
01:46:17Okay, so that all matches
01:46:19And then, the income tax is 23 million and 138 million
01:46:23That should be 870
01:46:27Yep
01:46:31732
01:46:35Just making sure that all these calculations match the reported numbers from SpaceX, and so far it looks like they do, with one exception
01:46:59And I think these are directionally the other way
01:47:05Yeah
01:47:10So, provision for income tax—this is something that gets a little bit tricky if you happen to be doing any of this yourself
01:47:20Companies will, depending on how they're reporting it and the context of everything that's being reported, sometimes change the labels, which would shift the directionality of the numbers
01:47:36I can't flip back to my browser in this current view, but if you look at, you know, it's on page eight of..
01:47:40Their earnings report
01:47:45You can see that they have a provision for income taxes here
01:47:50In other situations, that same line might be called income tax benefit
01:47:54It just depends if it's positive or negative, and how it's labeled will change how it's indicated—positive or negative
01:47:58So, that probably didn't make a ton of sense, but just if you ever see that, you're like, "Huh, it seems like it's supposed to go the other way." It could just be a labeling thing
01:48:10So, now these match—basically a billion-dollar net loss on a GAAP basis in Q2 last year, narrowing that to a $541 million loss on a GAAP basis this year, which again is good progress
01:48:19And, of course, we discussed the main reason for this
01:48:21The gap loss is that R&D spend right there, as that's eating up basically the entirety of the gross profit
01:48:33You know, the vast majority of it
01:48:36I think if SpaceX wanted to, they could easily make this number, you know, a billion dollars
01:48:45And if you look at last year, there were parts of last year where that's kind of what it was
01:48:51Um, obviously, that would just be hampering the future growth of the business
01:48:57But if they wanted to show a more profitable business right now, that would be something that's likely in their control
01:49:02And then you're adding, you know, maybe $2.5 billion to this operating income
01:49:06And then, you know, that definitely flips how these bottom-line numbers start to look
01:49:07At any rate, EPS on a diluted basis
01:49:11It should be 9 cents here and 34 cents last year
01:49:15And then we include share-based compensation, our stock-based comp of 8 cents
01:49:17Let's see
01:49:19We have 4 cents last year
01:49:21Restructuring and impairment are low
01:49:23So restructuring was 2 cents, with no impairment
01:49:29Last year, impairment was 1.9 cents and 5 cents
01:49:47The other income and expense, net, was 86 million dollars
01:49:57Provided I'm not messing up the positives or negatives on this, that should give us—I don't think SpaceX reported a non-GAAP earnings per share number or even non-GAAP net income, so we're kind of left to just figure that out unless I'm missing it, which is definitely possible
01:50:48But if we divide this by the fully diluted share count of 5.864 billion, and get my formula right, I would think that— That would roughly equate to 6 cents non-GAAP earnings per share
01:51:05But again, this is just a number, and I need to make sure that these other numbers are influencing in the proper direction because it gets a little bit confusing for me sometimes
01:51:25[laughter] But at any rate, adjusted earnings—uh, at the end of the day, it was 35, 38, and there we go
01:51:29Um, we'll put them—well, we'll figure that stuff out later
01:51:32Not super important
01:51:34Obviously, there would have been a loss there, and then adjusted—even though it was 12, 14 last year
01:51:41So, I'm not sure why I don’t have a—yeah
01:51:44Okay
01:51:46All right
01:51:49So, let's just kind of run through this again
01:51:51Super high-level revenue, almost 8 billion, up 92% year-over-year
01:51:52The COGS, the cost of delivering that..
01:51:55Revenue up only 53%
01:51:58Obviously, anytime you have revenue growing faster than the cost, that's good for the business
01:52:07That means that gross profit is growing more quickly than your revenue is
01:52:11So, the total gross profit is up 141% year-over-year, from roughly 1.8 billion last year to 4.3 billion this year
01:52:21It looks like revenue was a little bit lower—sorry, I mean gross profit was a little bit lower last year in Q2, due to some higher costs, not much revenue growth, some volatility in space, and a somewhat slower-growing quarter for connectivity
01:52:40So, just kind of looking at this, since we didn't have that number previously, but the point being that there was a slightly lower gross profitability base in..
01:52:51This quarter, for whatever reason, I would expect it to be more like an average quarter
01:53:00But either way, revenue is up 141% year-over-year to 4.3 billion dollars
01:53:03And again, we see super healthy gross margin percentages in the second quarter, and it's nice to see consistency and healthy growth margins across all the businesses
01:53:10There is also a significant R&D spend, but not overly severe, with barely much of an increase at all from the first quarter
01:53:22If SpaceX can continue to grow revenue at roughly the same pace as this quarter, and if they then start to feel that three and a half billion dollars is an appropriate level of R&D spending, that would be..
01:53:40Good analyst question, hint, hint
01:53:43Um, but if they kind of view that as a good level, maybe this will grow
01:53:48If not, but if they can kind of maintain that or slowly grow that, then any additional revenue, any additional gross profit will start to generate rather than an operating loss, an operating income, and then start generating some, you know, potential GAAP profits too
01:54:03SpaceX has posted GAAP profit before, um, sort of before, you know, in 2024 and 2025 from a lot of, you know, the XAI numbers
01:54:10Um, that situation definitely changed, but you can see it's pretty much identical to that massive spike in R&D right there, right? About a 5.5 billion difference here
01:54:19Got about a $5.2 billion difference there in R&D
01:54:22So, almost
01:54:24Entirely, you know, driven by that one line item change
01:54:27So, the point being, if they kind of hold this or increase it slowly, we could pretty quickly see some operating profit and potentially some operating income at a pretty significant level, especially if this ARR number goes from something like 35 or 33 or whatever to, I guess, like 30 now
01:54:49But if it goes from that to something like 100 and you're still at this R&D number of 3.5, which, who knows what we'll be at, but yeah, that would generate some pretty major operating income, GAP, gross profitability, things like that
01:54:56Okay, so I think we made it
01:55:02I think we made it through it all
01:55:09[laughter] Wonder how the stock's doing
01:55:11See if anything has changed there in terms of the reaction
01:55:16Not too much, still down about 7% after hours, trading at about $117 a share
01:55:22Let me flip back and make sure this all went okay into the chat here
01:55:30Um, [sighs] all right
01:55:32Do see some super chats here, so thank you for that
01:55:33Let me make sure that I can—wish there was a way for me to filter on these things
01:55:37Oh, there we go
01:55:41All right
01:55:45I can, all—I can see all the super chats now
01:55:50First one, greetings from Serbia
01:55:52Hello from Chicago
01:55:54Uh, we talked about that one
01:55:57Anyone in the chat have an idea why SpaceX priced out general aviation, Cessna-sized planes out of Starlink? It went from $60 to $250 per month using a mini? I don't, unfortunately, have much context or insight on that
01:56:15Um, maybe
01:56:20Someone in the chat had some insight on that, but unfortunately I do not
01:56:23Oh, and I just realized that I was probably not showing some of the Excel sheet at times
01:56:28So, just make sure I get the bottom in there
01:56:30Hopefully, that was infrequent, if at all
01:56:32Um, next, Tesla X says end the year at 100 billion, uh, ARR (annual revenue)
01:56:37Um, merge with Tesla at greater than 200 billion plus ARR
01:56:39LFG
01:56:41Um, we'll see
01:56:43I mean, I think Elon has not entirely discounted the possibility of a merger
01:56:49So, you know, if SpaceX is, you know, we already know that Tesla is basically at that 100 billion ARR level
01:56:56So, if SpaceX is also there towards the end of the year, then that's kind of what that implies— a merger would be at that 200 billion plus ARR
01:57:09Obviously growing from that point
01:57:10Um, Martin, offering some help if I do anything more on SpaceX
01:57:12So, I appreciate that
01:57:13Uh, and then Tamir, thanks for the coverage
01:57:15Appreciate that
01:57:21All right, amazing guys
01:57:26I think we can, uh, we can wrap it up for today
01:57:32Uh, but it’s super fun — first SpaceX earnings call in the books, first earnings report in the books
01:57:38Um, it was really, really nice to see some of these numbers, to hear from management, get some more context, and I’m excited for people to just have a chance to better understand this company and the business behind it and where things are going, because it’s going to be a really, really important part of the future
01:57:57So, thanks for checking in, and uh, we’ll see you on, I suppose
01:58:00Probably the next Tesla earnings report for Q3, and then we'll do the same for SpaceX
01:58:04Thank you.